Identifying Climate-Adaptive Strategies to Improve Water Safety and Prevent Outbreaks
Abaho Areeba Fortunate
Department of Pharmacy Kampala International University Uganda
Email address: fortunate.abaho@studwc.kiu.ac.ug
ABSTRACT
Climate change is intensifying hydrological extremes, altering precipitation patterns, increasing temperatures, and accelerating environmental degradation, thereby threatening global water safety. These climatic shifts increase the risk of waterborne disease outbreaks through flooding, drought, infrastructure damage, pathogen proliferation, and compromised sanitation systems. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), face disproportionate risks due to fragile infrastructure and limited adaptive capacity. This review synthesizes current evidence on climate-driven risks to water systems and identifies adaptive strategies to improve water safety and prevent outbreaks. Strategies are categorized into infrastructure adaptation, water quality surveillance, climateinformed risk modeling, nature-based solutions, governance reforms, community-level interventions, and technological innovations. The review emphasizes integrated, multisectoral approaches combining early warning systems, resilient infrastructure design, decentralized treatment technologies, and strengthened public health surveillance. Climate-adaptive water safety planning is essential to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3 and 6. Future research should prioritize localized risk modeling, pathogen-specific climate thresholds, and cost-effectiveness analyses of adaptive interventions.
Keywords: climate change, water safety, outbreak prevention, adaptation strategies, waterborne diseases, resilience, early warning systems.
CITE AS: Abaho Areeba Fortunate (2026). Identifying Climate-Adaptive Strategies to Improve Water Safety and Prevent Outbreaks. IDOSR JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ALLIED FIELDS 11(3):26-30. https://doi.org/10.59298/IDOSR/JBBAF/2026/1132630