Nanotechnology and Gut Microbiome Modulation in Obesity

Winniefred Nankya

Department of Clinical Pharmacy Kampala International University Uganda

Email:winniefred.nankya@studwc.kiu.ac.ug

ABSTRACT

The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in obesity pathogenesis by influencing nutrient absorption, energy metabolism, inflammation, and host signaling pathways. Dysbiosis imbalances in microbial composition has been linked to weight gain, insulin resistance, and obesity-associated comorbidities. Modulating the microbiome using probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, and microbial metabolites offers promising therapeutic strategies. However, conventional delivery approaches are limited by poor viability, degradation in the gastrointestinal tract, and inconsistent colonization. Nanotechnology provides innovative solutions by protecting microbial agents, enhancing bioavailability of metabolites, and enabling targeted delivery to specific intestinal regions. This review explores the principles of nanotechnology in microbiome modulation, recent advances in obesity management, translational challenges, clinical perspectives, and future opportunities. By integrating nanotechnology with microbiome-based interventions, obesity management can advance toward precision and sustainable therapies.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, Gut microbiome, Obesity, Probiotics, Targeted delivery

CITE AS: Winniefred Nankya (2025). Nanotechnology and Gut Microbiome Modulation in Obesity. IDOSR JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCES 11(2): 17-23. https://doi.org/10.59298/IDOSR/JES/112.1723